Industrialization in Australia Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Examine about the Industrialization in Australia. Answer: Presentation Industrialization can be communicated as the foundation of enterprises and new present day procedures that prompts a totally different period for modernisation. Industrialization can likewise be communicated as the Industrial Revolution. The imperative mechanical unrest in Australia occurred in (1750-1914), that was the most captivating span and a noteworthy advance for modernisation throughout the entire existence of present day world(Moore, 2014). It has such a significant number of effects and was the impetus for emotional social varieties. This upheaval was more than the stacks, little young men battling for sinister plants. The industrialization had a significant connection with the gold, as the gold was been found in Victoria in 1851, when the industrialization in Britain was on its best. Around the same time The Great Exhibition was organized in Hyde Park London at renowned Crystal Palace. This was composed by both of the mechanical innovation and plan as a festival of modernisation, and furthermore show cased British Industrial Superiority. Around 6 million individuals that was proportionate to 33% of the entire populace of Britain around then, visited the Exhibition and a large number of them were soon to th ere to join the mass movement to the goldfields(Gray, 2016). The individuals who headed out to Australia during the 1850s brought the experience, information and the incredible abilities that lead to the major mechanical transformation. Huge numbers of them had ridden in the trains, and were certain enough this would bring the new stream and the fueled age would build up Australia as the most remarkable country on earth, as they had likewise worked in the cutting edge mechanical processing plants of that time(Macapuno, 2014). Some of them likewise voyaged Australia as the Great Britain iron hulled assistant sea that was the going stream traveler transport at any point fabricated. The diggings region that spoke to the early years on the goldfields significantly communicated the pre-modern innovation, as the work was finished utilizing the human or pony power(Hoy, 2014). Course of events portrayal of Industrialization process in Australia During the 1850s, the gold turned out to be progressively confused to come to, the excavators on the Victorian Goldfields likewise applied the information that they got in Industrialization of Britain. Therefore they quickly presented steam-controlled hardware in order to get to the assignments that close to unimaginable for the people and the pony power(Goh, 2016). The innovation blasted as the Industrial Revolution had now previously made the significant techniques that had an essential need to arrive at the gold covered profoundly in the ground(Loosemore, 2015). Among this the Sovereign Hills were having the biggest assortment of working steam-driven innovation in Victoria. It additionally comprised of wheelwrights production line columns of hardware that were right off the bat steam-driven, and still transformed the tree trunks into wooden talked wheels(wadera, 2015). This was a significant case of an early settled processing plant showing the procedures of large scale manufacturing. The cutting edge apparatus was extremely worth a visit a Sovereign Hill. It was from the Defense industrial facility in Ohio in the USA from the 1880s and was being introduced at the Sovereign slope to show the progress from handcrafted wooden wheels utilizing apparatus that are easy to be automated creation line process, when the parts were made a masse and were gathered practically like a pack. Issues Related To Industrialisation in Australia Unhygienic Surroundings and Slums Regardless of a significant number of the constructive outcomes, industrialization had likewise lead to a large number of the negative impacts during the upheaval (jones, 2016). Urban regions were expanding their tourist spots and size that lead to the congestion in settled zones. For this situation the populace is was expanded to the point that it additionally lead to emerge a large number of the medical issues and extreme maladies. Everyday environments were likewise influenced as they turned out to be increasingly messy and unhygienic, soon the maladies filled the avenues as there were very few sanitation codes in the settled territories. Working in Factories Industrial facility work was perilous just as not that clean to have a legitimate working. The supervisors carefully made their representatives to work in that conditions strongly and furthermore not rewarded them well as they were for the most part come up short on and furthermore were not furnished with legitimate facilities(smith, 2015). A large portion of the occasions laborers were made to exhaust and they additionally were not furnished with adequate cash as a byproduct of their work. This is in a roundabout way brought about the short future, if the laborers worked in such a conditions. The working hours in a day were generally inasmuch as the working in production lines were made profound inside that didnt incorporate the daylight in order to broaden the working time(Harvie, 2003). There were additionally no such guidelines set by the administration for those laborers who were working in such conditions. Kid Labor As the upheavals appeared, there was an abrupt requirement for the labor and accordingly kids were additionally compelled to work to make the adequate income for their family. Before long they started to enlist the kids for working in the production lines as they were little and furthermore had the option to cross the small gaps in the mines or factories(Simpson, 2014). It was discovered best around then as they presently had a simplicity to play out the work that had a necessity of little hands. Pay Slavery Laborers were given extremely low wages considerably subsequent to buckling down in such circumstances, those wages were so low even those of fairs around then. Shockingly, endurance was made so troublesome that the laborers will undoubtedly work, and a significant requirement for work was set up among the individuals, and made them slaves for both of their occupations and that likewise on the base wages. Despite the fact that the modern insurgency helped Australia from numerous points of view, it additionally lead to numerous damages consequently. The absence of sanitation offices got the chance to bring about numerous medical issues and furthermore lead to ailment among the individuals, and grimy societies(Lee, 2003). The working conditions additionally hurt the laborers and the residents in different manners that was prompting weakness and ailment. Kids were likewise taken compellingly from their homes to work in such conditions, they were additionally purchased to ranches and were made to work there in those filthy and unhygienic industrial facilities. Poor working circumstances and the youngster work were the two significant issues politeness of Industrial Revolution. End The result of this paper can be characterized as, that the Industrialization can be significant for the development of any nation. It requires some investment and is a constant and consistent development. It has an enormous extent of exploration as for the future angle. For the better usage of Industrialization, the legislature must arrangement methodology for little, medium and huge scope associations. References Goh, E., 2016. www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01446193.2016.1253856. [Online] Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01446193.2016.1253856 [Accessed 14 october 2017]. Dim, E., 2016. industrialization. [Online] Available at: https://www.inquiriesjournal.com/watchword/industrialization [Accessed 14 October 2017]. Harvie, C., 2003. https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1066context=commwkpapers. [Online] Available at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1066context=commwkpapers [Accessed 15 October 2017]. Hoy, J., 2014. education.sovereignhill.com.au. [Online] Available at: https://education.sovereignhill.com.au/media/transfers/examinations/InvestigtatingIR.pdf [Accessed 14 october 2017]. jones, P., 2016. impacts during the-1800s-1900s. [Online] Available at: https://sites.google.com/webpage/5effectsofindustrialization/impacts during the-1800s-1900s [Accessed 14 October 2017]. Lee, D. R., 2003. www.environment.gov.au. [Online] Available at: https://www.environment.gov.au/legacy/ahc/distributions/connecting a-country/chapter1 [Accessed 15 October 2017]. Loosemore, H., 2015. www.environment.gov.au/environmental change/atmosphere science-information/atmosphere science/impacts. [Online] Available at: https://www.environment.gov.au/environmental change/atmosphere science-information/atmosphere science/impacts [Accessed 14 october 2017]. Macapuno, H., 2014. mechanical upset effect on-australia. [Online] Available at: https://prezi.com/uolovt78za_l/mechanical upheaval sway on-australia/[Accessed 14 october 2017]. Moore, W. E., 2014. industrialization. [Online] Available at: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/US and-canada/us-history/industrialization [Accessed 14 October 2017]. Simpson, M., 2014. australia-and-the-mechanical upset effect of-the-primary railroads. [Online] Available at: https://maas.museum/inside-the-assortment/2014/06/16/australia-and-the-modern transformation sway of-the-primary railroads/[Accessed 15 October 2017]. smith, r., 2015. positive-and-negative-impacts of-industrialization.html. [Online] Available at: https://www.geography-papers.com/positive-and-negative-impacts of-industrialization.html [Accessed 14 October 2017]. wadera, H., 2015. how-effective was-industrialization-in-australia-advertising essay.php. [Online] Available at: https://www.ukessays.com/papers/promoting/how-fruitful was-industrialization-in-australia-advertising essay.php [Accessed 14 october 2017].

Objective of Punishment

Goals of Punishment There have been numerous guidelines from the beginning of time some decide to keep those standards and some decide to defy the norms. The unavoidable issue is the item to the individuals who should disrupt the guidelines. There was a day when guardians could punish their youngsters uninhibitedly and acknowledged as just ordinary. As the years went on, society began to perceive how individuals would take it excessively far. Along these lines, laws needed to change. It is the equivalent inside today’s jail framework. People are in jail since they disrupted the norms and would need to serve their time. Some go to government jail and some go to state detainment facilities. It relies upon the sort of wrongdoing that an individual perpetrates; in light of the fact that these detainment facilities harbor various kinds of hoodlums they likewise have various rules to follow in wording to rebuffing the detainees. How does sending one individual to state or one individual to government jail influence the restorative framework by and large? The State of California’s fundamental objective of condemning is to coordinate the network sanctions with the guilty party. The kinds of network sanctions include: Criminal wrongdoers who profit by anticipation benefits and are in danger of carrying out more wrongdoings include: adolescent guilty parties with learning troubles, secondary school dropouts, and urban youth group individuals. Counteraction administrations may incorporate exercises, for example, specialized curriculum programs, and elder sibling programs. Criminal guilty parties who have gotten and profited by these early intercession administrations are generally first time wrongdoers. Early mediation projects can essentially diminish the offender’s chances for carrying out wrongdoings later on. Guilty parties need substance misuse and liquor guiding related administrations, work aptitude improvement, and training, (Nieto, 1996). Guilty parties qualified for these projects are individuals in jail who can occupy to elective administrations and projects. The indicted wrongdoers can be a subsequent time or even a third time guilty parties who bombed probation and even sentenced for a few of peaceful offenses. California's â€Å"three strike's law,† can result in indicted criminal condemned to jail forever if the sentenced guilty parties initial two lawful offenses were brutal wrongdoings and the third lawful offense carried out by the recurrent perpetrator is additionally a savage wrongdoing, (Nieto, 1996). The primary objective of these condemning rules is to put the focused on guilty parties with fitting network sanctions. Nonetheless, there are a few contrasts and varieties in the California condemning rules, which incorporate the discipline by the idea of wrongdoing submitted, recurrence, and seriousness. A genuine model occurred in Michigan. On the off chance that a wrongdoer is captured for thievery, which is a class ‘C' lawful offense in the province of Michigan, and a past medication capture, which are likewise a class C wrongdoing. The Michigan condemning rule rates give condemning choices from elective network revisions to a two-year jail sentence, (Nieto, 1996). The people group correction’s elective gives the appointed authority the choice of condemning the criminal wrongdoer to a network based and made sure about substance misuse treatment program for a time of a half year. Upon fruitful fulfillment of the treatment program, the guilty party must finish a trial period. The watchfulness of the appointed authority originates from an immense range of choices. In any case, if a wrongdoer is seen as liable of a genuine lawful offense and has earlier peaceful lawful offense, condemning rules give network redresses and options are not approved and a base two-year jail sentence might be essential, (Nieto, 1996). Until 1975, the government department of detainment facilities worked under the standards of the clinical model of overseeing prisoners. The clinical model involved instructive, professional, and treatment programs that endeavored to change criminal conduct into a positive and profitable practices that would profit society. The clinical model used the government detainee arrangement framework to deal with the prisoner populace and advance individualized treatment, (Miller, 2011). By 1975, the government agency of jails had an a lot more prominent detainee populace than it had a very long while prior during its commencement, and they embraced the reasonable model to deal with those detainees. The decent model not, at this point advanced individualized treatment. The fair model was a composite model that concentrated on a mix of the standards of recovery, prevention, reprisal, and weakening, (Miller, 2011). A few other significant changes throughout the most recent couple of decades have influenced the condemning of those sentenced for damaging government laws. The U. S. Condemning Commission of 985 constrained the utilization of probation for government offenses, especially for sedate offenses and fierce wrongdoings. The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 restricted the measure of time the detainees could decrease from their sentences for good conduct. This new law commanded that government detainees must serve at least 85% of their sentence. The Sentencing Reform Act of 1984 additionally canceled the utilization of parole for government detainees, (Miller, 2011). Government detainment facilities deal with their detainees inside the rules of a Prisoners Bill of Rights. The prisoner’s rights incorporate spotless and average living conditions. Detainees likewise reserve the privileges to create and keep up aptitudes as a profitable laborer and reserve the options to keep up and fortify family and network ties, (Miller, 2011). The appropriation of detainee rights has helped the government penitentiaries dodge a great part of the legitimate strife that has involved the state jail frameworks. The majority of the United States business analyst accepted that in today’s times, the USA encounters the most uncommon emergency in decades. All states in the United States report about noteworthy spending deficiencies. As the outcomes, the state governments essentially need to lessen their spending for remedial framework. Throughout the previous two many years of the twentieth Century, the spending for state and government prisons expanded 600% in view of the development of estimated requiring financial consumptions, for instance, obligatory least sentences, truth in condemning laws and three-strike enactment, (Carlson, 2008). Albeit financial patterns began influencing the thought of condemning strategy, the open demeanor toward violations has significantly changed. Surveys show that more individuals feel that it is important to address the main drivers of wrongdoings and less help the utilization of severe measures toward lawbreakers. The demeanor toward required condemning likewise experienced a change. The pool directed in 2005 demonstrated that 38% imagine that compulsory condemning is a smart thought while 45% of respondents favor legal carefulness. This extreme change in the disposition can be causing huge drop in the crime percentage enrolled in the nation, (Carlson, 2008). State and central governments react to the effect of the monetary emergency on the amendment framework in various manners. The idea of issues differs, contingent upon the state, thus changes the procedures utilized. The most well known measures are as per the following: jail closings, cuts of the staff in adjustments, surveying the financial plan of rectifications concerning unnecessary items, reevaluating condemning plans, setting up condemning boards and commissions. Everything in life changes constantly and will consistently be that way, which is the reason everything about the past be called history. The standards and guidelines for rebuffing the insidious and transgressors consistently have been near. Numerous past missteps made; therefore, the principles needed to have either balanced or totally deleted inside and out to fix these slip-ups. The arrangement of discipline isn't a plan to embarrass or debase individual in any capacity, it is an aim to encourage the contrast between what is correct and what's going on as per the rules set out by government authorities. As the standards and guidelines change, it influences the state and government jail frameworks. They have needed to turn out to be progressively indulgent and open minded with the people rebuffed for their wrongdoings. Still they need to attempt to keep up request inside the dividers of the imprisonment despite the fact that harder laws outside the dividers are making it simpler to put people in a correctional facility causing stuffing and less cash for security. References Carlson, Peter M. (2008). Garrett, Judith Simon, Prison and Jail Administration: Practice and Theory, Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Mill operator, Whitehead (2011). Report Writing for Criminal Justice Professionals, fourth Edition, p140, Chapter 6, State and Federal Prisons, Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Nieto, Marcus (May 1996). Network Correction Punishments: An Alternative To Incarceration for Nonviolent Offenders. http://www. library. ca. gov/crb/96/08/#RTFToC6.

How to Write a College Paper

How to Write a College PaperThe Academic Writing Assessment - A study in style, the APA Style college paper sample is designed to help you craft a quality college paper. The majority of college students are assessed by a faculty member or professor who writes their academic paper for evaluation. This is the most effective way for many professors to determine whether or not your paper is ready for publication in the school's academic publication. By reviewing this example, you will learn the basics of writing an APA Style college paper and how to approach a faculty member.The author of the APA Style college paper sample chooses his or her words carefully. The selection of specific words is critical to producing a good academic paper. The author chooses adjectives and verbs that accurately reflect the ideas expressed in the paper. In addition, the paper will be crisp and clear because the author carefully chooses proper nouns, titles, footnotes, and quotations.The best way to approach an APA Style college paper sample is to use specific strategies that will produce the results you want. The author of the APA Style college paper sample employs many strategies, such as using specific vocabulary and correct grammar. The author also chooses appropriate sentence structure. They are careful about where they place their main ideas. They usually select well-placed subordinate ideas.The major differences between APA Style and other styles are the placement of ideas within paragraphs. With APA Style, there are no spaces between ideas. Other styles require the use of spaces and indentions. This works well for students who are quickly learning what constitutes a paragraph.If you are aiming for an APA Style college paper, you should avoid sentence fragments. Fragments can be difficult to read. The writer of theAPA Style college paper sample reads texts the same way he or she wrote the essay. They will be able to see the sentence's leading concept without having to read each i ndividual thought.The college paper should follow a definite theme. The writer will choose one main idea and several sub-themes. You can get by with just one main idea if you choose a theme that has a consistent and strong idea.The author of the APA Style college paper sample employs a very clear and precise sentence structure. This enables them to keep the writing simple and easy to read. It is important to try to write as clearly as possible. When a writer is trying to capture a specific idea, it is more efficient to use a greater number of sentences than to use fewer sentences.When you are reviewing the APA Style college paper sample, take time to read through the entire paper. Look for topics that interest you and then scan the paper for key ideas. When you are able to find the key idea, read through the rest of the paper and copy out the key idea. Then, look for that idea in the APA Style college paper sample and use it as a guiding light for the rest of the paper.

Building a Houseâ€Advice From an Architect

Congratulations on your (soon-to-be) home! While building a new house is an exciting—and possibly mind-boggling—experience for you, it is important to stay involved in every step of the process. Generally speaking, building your new house should not be a passive exercise. A myriad of decisions must be made, and they should be made by you. When you are unable or unwilling to make decisions, you force the builder to make them, and the result may waver from what you were hoping for. To make sure your new home fulfills your own vision, follow the following guidelines for staying involved when building a house. Understand Your Contract No matter what type of contract you sign, you become a party in a legal document involving a massive amount of money for the construction of your new house. Therefore, it is essential that you know your rights—and exercise them. Start by reading the contract thoroughly and understanding it. Remember: You are paying for the knowledge, experience, and abilities of the builders. Youre also paying them a profit above their expenses. So, what do you expect in return? How do you ensure that you get what you expect? Expectations of all parties should be laid out in the contract. Watch Building Costs The average house contains approximately 1,500 to 2,000 square feet. Do you need more space than that? Why? How much more? You pay for each and every square foot of space in your house, whether its occupied, usable, or otherwise. You also want to keep costs in perspective. For example, say the brick you really like costs $10 more per thousand than the standard brick. When a typical amount of 10,000 bricks is involved, thats a total extra expense is $100. Its up to you to decide if the special brick is worth the extra cost, but doing the math yourself in the first place will help you make informed decisions about your home. Overall, be smart. Take care that glitz and gadgets suggested by friends, the builder, or magazines do not get in the way of good basic construction. Bouncy floors where joists are stretched to the maximum are not remedied by a hot tub, flocked wallcovering, skylights, or jazzy door hardware. Comply With Building Codes No, you should not expect to control the number of nails used in your home. However, you should expect a substantially built house that is free of defects and in accord with all applicable codes and regulations. Require proof of such compliance at the closing of your mortgage. Many jurisdictions issue Certificates of Occupancy, which would indicate accord with the minimum code and safety standards. Realize that some details are virtually unchangeable because they need to be done correctly. This includes a properly sized and constructed foundation system, a properly designed and installed structural system, and so on. Changeable items such as finishes and coverings should not distract you from requiring good basic construction. At the same time, watch for things that are not necessarily what you want and that you will not be able to change easily or cheaply. It may be able to be corrected. Question things that just dont look or seem right. Most of the time they indeed are not. Seek some reliable outside, impartial advice—other than your father, even if he is a builder! Be Flexible Be ready and prepared to compromise in order to resolve situations and problems. Be aware, however, of what you may be giving up in this process;  examine and understand both sides. Is the situation worth what you are losing? The builder is fully capable of doing anything or finding someone who can do anything you wish, but anything always comes with a price. Be careful and wary of unique, inordinate, or far-out requests, new technology, and untested materials and equipment. Understand that construction is an imperfect science. Combine that understanding with natural elements (e.g., site conditions, weather, wood members, human foibles), and you might face situations where things could change, must be changed, or simply exceed capabilities. Flat-out errors do happen. Absolute perfection or your idea of perfection may not—and more than likely, will not—be achieved. Drastic imperfections, however, can be corrected, and they should be. It is within your rights to require this. Keep Records Issues not clearly and specifically noted, written, described, or shown will be left up for interpretation by both sides in the future. Therefore, be redundant in your record-keeping,  leaving nothing to chance. Follow up verbal discussions and instructions with written verification. Keep receipts; records of phone calls and other correspondence; samples you approve; sales slips; model, type, and style numbers; and the like. Knowing the exact details of all aspects of the building process can help you immensely. If an issue arises somewhere down the road, there will be no room for doubt or argument, and a resolution can be found quickly and without dispute. Keep It Professional Be pragmatic and absolutely businesslike in all of your dealings with the builders. They are working for you; you are not seeking them as new friends. If a friend or relative performs part of the work, treat that person in exactly the same manner:  Have a contract and demand adherence to your schedule. Dont let a gift or a good price disrupt the project overall. Questions to Ask When Building a House What is a good design for my needs?What is a building code? Does it affect me? How does it work?Overall, who is responsible for my building project?What are good sizes and proportions for rooms? What style do I want?What am I really getting from the builder?What problems do I have in my current home that I dont want to repeat?Where can I find answers and help? How do I make my desires known?What does that line on the drawing mean?What is a dispute? What is a lien?What are specifications? Does the builder write and provide them?What if my builder does something in a way I dont like?When will the house be finished?What is a contract? What does it say? What is my part in it?What is an extra?Is that a good material? Ive never heard of it.What can I change?Who picks the color of the paint, wall coverings, tile, type of wood, siding, etc?Is landscaping included? Are any landscape features guaranteed?What if I disagree with the builder? Can I stop the work?Am I allowed on the job site? Can I inspect the work as it goes up? Can I bring someone with me?If I buy an element of the house myself, who will install it?I have several items that I dont like. Do I have to close on the mortgage right now? About the Author, Ralph Liebing Ralph W. Liebing (1935–2014) was a registered architect, a lifelong teacher of code compliance, and the author of 11 books on architectural drawings, codes and regulations, contract administration, and the construction industry.  A 1959 graduate from the University of Cincinnati, Liebing taught at the University of Cincinnati School of Architecture and the College of Applied Science Technology at Illinois State University. In addition, he trained carpenters union apprentices, directed classes at community education programs, and taught architectural technology for Daytons ITT Technical Institute. He practiced architecture in both Ohio and Kentucky. Liebing published many textbooks, articles, papers, and commentaries. He was a fierce advocate for not only enforcing specifications and codes but for design firms to engage owners in the process.  His publications include Construction of Architecture: From Design to Built, Architectural Working Drawings, and The Construction Industry. In addition to being a Registered Architect (RA), Liebing was a Certified Professional Code Administrator (CPCA), Chief Building Official (CBO), and a Professional Code Administrator. Ralph Liebing was a pioneer in creating useful, professional web content of lasting quality.

Admission Essay on Best Advice I Have Ever Received

Always Be Yourself! When I was fourteen, my family moved house. Although the new home was much bigger, more convenient and my own room was twice the size of the old one, I was extremely unhappy. All my friends appeared to be miles away from me and the atmosphere in my new school seemed quite hostile. Studying well was not a good way to become popular among your class mates, but it guaranteed the nickname of a brown-nose one hundred percent. For me, it was like my worst nightmare coming true. I felt lonely, I could not make any friends, and gradually I decided to stop studying so well in order just to make a couple of friends, with whom I could share at least some of my emotions. Soon, I started doing less homework, skipping classes and wearing outfits approved by my classmates. The first person to notice the changes in my family was my Grandpa. I could see he was deeply upset and finally he decided to talk to me. We discussed the matter and he gave me the best advice I have ever got in my life. â€Å"Always be yourself†, he said. â€Å"If you try to adapt to the circumstances in this way, you lose your identity.† â€Å"Who needs the identity, if I am so lonely?† I thought. I was considering his words again and again, and, finally, I followed his advice. I got down to work, got excellent academic results and changed school in a year. Then I found myself a good company of students who shared my interests and soon I met my best friend. So, my Grandpa turned out to be right and since that time I have never sacrificed my principles in order to be liked.

Using Solid Liquid Extraction Of Caffeine From Tea Leaves

The purpose of this experiment was to use solid-liquid extraction to isolate a crude sample of caffeine from tea leaves and then subsequently purify the isolated sample via sublimation. The two solvents used in the extraction were water and dichloromethane. In addition to caffeine, tea leaves also contain other compounds that must be dealt with including cellulose, proteins/pigments, tannins, and saponins. Cellulose is not soluble in water as a result of its high molecular weight and thereby does not dissolve in water during the boiling process. Proteins and pigments are highly soluble in water and thereby do not present any problems since caffeine is being extracted into the organic layer. Tannins are soluble in the organic layer and can become problems when trying to isolate just caffeine. To deal with Tannins, we add weakly basic CaCO3 during the boiling process so that the ester bonds in Tannins are cleaved thereby producing their corresponding calcium salts, which become water-s oluble. Saponins cause increased solubility of organic molecules in the aqueous layer and are dealt with by salting out the aqueous layer so that it becomes more polar leading to decreased organic solubility in it. Moreover, saponins can cause emulsions to form because of their membrane like properties and this can be dealt with via centrifugation prior to each extraction. Following extraction of caffeine in dichloromethane, the organic solvent can be evaporated so that a crude sample of caffeineShow MoreRelatedEffectiveness Of An Extraction Process And Purification Process955 Words   |  4 Pageseffectiveness of an extraction process and purification process by sublimation is observed and used to selectively separate caffeine from teabags. In the first part of the experiment, water soluble materials, including caffeine, within the teabags are extracted into hot water because the solubility of caffeine in water increases as temperature increases. This is due to the concept that in creasing kinetic energy through increasing temperature will allow the molecules in the solute to break apart from the intermolecularRead MoreExtraction of Caffeine from Tea Leaves1151 Words   |  5 PagesExtraction of Caffeine from Tea Leaves Introduction Caffeine is soluble in boiling water and as a result it is easily extracted from tea bags by steeping in hot water. This process leaves behind the water insoluble portions of the tea bag. However, water extracts more than just caffeine, so a final separation is done with an organic solvent that will dissolve primarily caffeine. The organic solvent used in this experiment is Dichloromethane (CHâ‚‚Clâ‚‚). Dichloromethane is less polar than waterRead MoreEssay Separation of Benzoic Acid and Acetanilide1243 Words   |  5 PagesReport 13 October 2011 Table of Contents Separation of Benzoic Acid and Acetanilide 3 Extraction and Purification of Caffeine from Tea 4 Extraction of Trimyristin from Nutmeg 5 Conversion of t-butanol to t-butyl chloride 6 Appendix 7 Calculations 8 Literature and Experimental Values of Benzoic Acid and Acetanilide 9 Experimental Caffeine IR 10 Literature Caffeine IR 11 Experimental Trimyristin IR 12 Literature Trimyristin IR 13 Experimental Tert-Read MoreExtraction Of Caffeine From Tea1878 Words   |  8 Pages EXTRACTION OF CAFFEINE FROM TEA Abstract The method used to separate the organic compound from a mixture of compound is the extraction. It is done by the dissolving of one or more compounds in a good solvent. The solvent which was used in this experiment was 15 ml of dichloromethane into 125ml of water. Caffeine was extracted from 9.19 g of TAZO Awake English Breakfast. Caffeine is soluble in water in 2.2 g/ml at 20 C; it is more soluble than dichloromethane which has 10.2g/ml at 20Read MoreUsing The Solid Liquid And Liquid Extraction Techniques For Extract A Strong Acid1613 Words   |  7 Pages Extraction Aleigha Spaulding Joseph Osazee 10-6-15 Abstract: This report presents the percentage recoveries found when using the solid-liquid and liquid-liquid extraction techniques to extract a strong acid, weak acid, base, and neutral compound from a mixture. During the solid-liquid section of the experiment, 0.5 M NaHCO , 0.5 M NaOH, 0.5 M HCl, and distilled water are used to dissolve and separate the acid, phenol, and amine solutions from the mixture, leaving the neutralRead MoreMethods Of A Solvent System For Extraction1652 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Extraction is a technique that is commonly used to separate mixtures, despite whether the components are solids or liquids. One of the most well-known examples of extraction is the brewing of tea or the making of coffee. Every pot of coffee or cup of tea involves solid-liquid extraction. The soluble flavor and caffeine are extracted from the solid tea leaves or ground coffee beans into hot water (the solvent). Insoluble plant material is left behind in the tea bag or coffee filterRead MoreEssay Acid Base Extraction1511 Words   |  7 Pages Acid Base Extraction The purpose of this laboratory assignment was two-fold, first, we were to demonstrate the extraction of acids and bases, finally, determining what unknowns were present. Second, we were to extract caffeine from tea. These two assignment will be documented in two separate entities. Introduction: Acid/base extraction involves carrying out simple acid/base reactions in order to separate strong organic acids, weak organic acids neutral organic compounds and basic organic substancesRead MoreIsolation of Caffeine from Tea Leaves1831 Words   |  8 PagesIsolation of Caffeine from Tea Leaves Introduction Caffeine is a member of the class of compounds organic chemists call alkaloids. Alkaloids are nitrogencontaining basic compounds that are found in plants. They usually taste bitter and often are physiologically active in humans. The names of some of these compounds are familiar to you even if the structures aren’t: nicotine, morphine, strychnine, and cocaine. The role or roles these compounds play in the life of the plants in which they are foundRead MoreOrganic Lab3305 Words   |  14 Pagesof an organic compound? Soluble impurities affect the melting point of a solid in the following manner. a. The presence of an impurity in the molten compound reduces its vapor pressure thus lowering the melting point of the compound. b. Broaden the melting point range. 2. For what tow purpose are melting points routinely used a. To determine the identity of an organic solid. b. To determine the purity of an organic solid. 3. What effects on the measured melting point would you expect in eachRead MoreTea Beverage (Jamaica Cherry)7403 Words   |  30 Pageshttp://www.rollybrook.com/carnitas-3.htm Compositional and Sensory Evaluation of Jamaican Cherry (Muntingia calabura) Leaf Tea Substitute A Thesis Presented to the Department of Food Technology College of Education University of Santo Tomas In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Food Technology Janerica C. Camacho Gracia Remedios Veronica V. Em Amy M. Tolentino Kristine U. Villaruel Dyann Aissa B. Yu March 2011 CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

Framing a life story free essay sample

Why do you think that the decision to act on ones values is sometimes labeled as naive? I think the reason why we label a decision as naive is because somehow a person cannot accept the truth or reality. He or she doesnt clearly determine his or her goals that may lead to failure. Why do you think that the individual who decides to act on his/her values is sometimes labeled as unwilling to make the difficult calls or not committed to the firm? I consider it as a betrayal.That person cannot commit to the team (film)s goals. Moreover, it may affect the value of the team itself. To overcome such a circumstance, we have to punish him/her by not participating him/her in the team, We can define our own story. Why do you think that the Individual who decides to act on his/her values Is sometimes labeled as not driven to succeed? This kind of person Is really hard to commit so how could someone become successful if he/she cannot keep his/her own promises. We will write a custom essay sample on Framing a life story or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Success that really drives us is something that must be deeply rooted for It to serve us In times of stressful choices. Self-reflection and assessment exercises about our definitions of success and purpose are useful In this case. Can you Identify alternate stories or frames to use to change these labels, at least for the actor him or herself? The case protagonist from A Personal Struggle with the Definition of Success or the leadership development class participants In Naivetà © or Boldness.

Vietnam And Politics Essays - Viet Cong, Operation Starlite

Vietnam And Politics Vietnam was a war of attrition. It was the hardest war the United States has ever fought. We were fighting for a people who did not want us there and for a government that was to corrupt to help it and it's people. Putting that aside, we where and still are the most powerful country in the world. This being said, why where we not able to successfully defeat the Viet Cong and The North Vietnamese Army? To that end there are many reason, one being our war strategy, another being the way the Vietnmese fought the war, and finally the People of the United States did have there hearts in the war. In this paper I will however stick to how owner tactics and how our military leaders failure to properly adapt and create a war plan led to our defeat. I will also go into the Viet Congs strategy as it change led to our failure. What was so terrible about our war strategy? We did of course win almost every engagement of the war. We fought long and hard against an enemy that hardly ever was seen. Our tactics in the beginning of the war where simple, conventional tactics, this meaning you where here, they are there, you just have to get where they are. Operation Starlight was a classic textbook engagement. A large regiment of about 1500 Viet Cong was gathered in and around a small village named Van Tuong in northern South Vietnam. U.S. intelligence has found out from a Viet Cong deserter that the VC regiment was planning an attack on the Marine base Chu Lai. With this knowledge the Marines decided to strike the first blow. The Marines where to attack from three sides forcing the Viet Cong into the South China Sea. The attack was executed by the book and though it was a tough fight the United States devastated the 1st Viet Cong Regiment while sustaing only limited casualties. The VC surviors of the American offensive did learn something from there defeat. The saw the way Americans fought. They noticed when placed in a situation where they where taking incoming fire, they would dig in and call for fire support, either from the air or ground artillery. It was only after the fire support neutralized the target that the infantry would move forward and attack what ever survived the aerial bombardment. The Viet Cong realized that they could not over power the better-equipped Americans, and for the rest of the war they avoided face-to-face confrontations. The VC retreated to the safety of the jungles and rice patties of Southwestern Vietnam where they could execute their own form of guerrilla warfare. The Viet Cong fought in three man teams, called cells. These Cells where highly effective fighting units in remote jungle areas. The VC strategy was simple, break down the American's will to fight. They did this several way's, first by using mines and other booby traps, which did not kill, but maimed. The next was hit and run tactics. The VC had networks of tunnels connecting hooch-to-hooch, village-to-village almost across the entire country. They would pop up and fire at you then disappear in to the massive network of tunnels underneath you. American generals and advisors where ill prepared for this type of warfare and stood by the old belief the person with the biggest gun always wins. The continued with there daily search and destroy tactics above ground, clearing wide areas while the VC lived underneath them lived in relative safety of what was happing above, except for the ocasinal coming up to fire at the Americans above. At the end of a day the American's would be airlifted via helicopters back to base, witch left the VC to roam above ground. Reclaiming the land supposedly cleared early in the day. And so this went on, day after day, night after night. This explanation is a bit overly simplified however the basic Idea holds true, we lost the was from a strategic stand point because our leader failed to adapt and create a viable war plan.

The Devil in the White City Essays - Worlds Columbian Exposition

The Devil in the White City Essays - Worlds Columbian Exposition The Devil in the White City A White City, also known as the 1893 World's Exposition arose in a blossoming part of America, known as Chicago. Many people were afraid the Exposition would be no better than a county fair, because they believed that Chicago was an uncultured city. This beautifully temporary metropolis wrested from the Swamps of Jackson Park, Chicago. It was named ?The White City? celebrating Columbus' discovery of America. The architect firm of Daniel Burnham and John Root was given the task of creating the Exposition grounds. They encountered two major problems: the location and the design of the Exposition. It seemed to be an impossible task. As soon as one challenge was met, three more would arise. They faced many challenges in creating a replica Eiffel Tower and the continued possibility of strikes from the workers of various committees. Everything was always behind schedule. The architects from New York, Boston, Chicago and St Louis stepped up to the challenge. The workers felt the patriotic spirit and worked hard to complete the job. Burnham and his crew partially completed the exposition grounds for the Dedication Ceremony. Rallying against harsh weather, red tape, ill heath and death, the crew made Opening Day a reality. On Opening Day, the team still had a few tasks left to accomplish. The Ferris wheel, America's response to the 264-foot high Eiffel Tower, opened 51 days late. With determination to outdo the World?s Fair in Paris, bills stacked up. Maintenance continued for the first six months that the fair was open. With many unemployed, the fair provided temporary relief for many poor families. The arrival of novelties like zippers, Cracker Jacks and Chicago's first glimpse of a belly dancer brought excitement to many. Despite all the good, there was evil with Dr. Henry Holmes as he had his own master plan for ?The Castle? at the corner of 63rd and Wallace. He was a young, handsome sociopath trained in medicine, with a taste for torture and murder. Dr. Holmes was a master at manipulating both people and paper work. In the process of building, he would inspect and always find fault in the quality of work. This aggravation allowed flows of workers in and out, so each worker would not see the building?s entirety. No one understood what his ultimate plan was to lure young women into horrifying traps to satisfy his demonic desires. The innocent women had just moved to Chicago to find jobs and move out from under the watchful eyes of their family. They were persuaded to stay at the World?s Fair Hotel, so he could perform his evil tasks. Many were never seen again. The hotel was a bleak and ugly building. Within there were trap doors, secret passages, and a wooden slide that descended to an iron vault in the basement. The vault was used to incinerate all evidence of his horrific deeds. Dr. Holmes would seduce women before and then kill them and their children. He continued this hobby until the closing of the Exposition. It was approximated that almost 200 men, women and children were tortured and killed. However, the courts could only prove nine actual killings. Many would say this murder madness changed America.

Board of Governance Principles Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Board of Governance Principles - Case Study Example This is the manner, with which the Board ensures revenue for the shareholders' investments with consistent and regular review of long-term plans, decision-making achievements, and replacements for Board members and executive management personnel. At British Petroleum public limited company, the members of the Board entrust their decision-making management authority to the company's Group Chief Executive led by Tony Hayward, the Group Chief Executive, member of the BP board of directors, head of the BP executive management team, and steered by the Board of Governance Principles. Prior to efficient management, the company's Group Chief Executive Tony Hayward must have understood the business ethics of British Petroleum Plc prior understanding the company business, as theoretically, trade is directly related to ethics. In comparison, a good number of commercial executives recognize article of trade-based type of business ethics. This is well-liked by the communication industry, the courses offered in business schools, colloquiums, and educational prose. But, the other type of business ethics called sense-based has been overlooked by the majority in the industry. These two different types of business ethics are supposedly inseparable duo (Pava, 1999). ... Nonetheless, British Petroleum Plc Group Chief Executive Tony Hayward clearly implements article of trade-based and sense-based types of ethics as an indivisible pair which is clearly invoked in the Board of Governance Principles. "The power and success of business are ultimately dependent on manager's beliefs about life's meanings" (Pava, 1999) Corporate success then that is driven by moral code collectively practiced among managers, employees, and shareholders (Pava, 1999) seamlessly fits into these principles. At the British Petroleum Plc, corporate governance structure style is underpinned by the concept of the approach the company manages the business. First, the Board and the executive management of British Petroleum public limited company led by Peter Sutherland, the Chairman of the chairman's and the nomination committees benchmarked image of prominence as the driver of the primary aspiration of the British Petroleum Plc, together with the idea that the company has built through time market edge and asset for advancements. Second, the company is anchored on the conviction that its existence will assists in crafting better opportunities for the human race. For instance, the company will in some way lend a hand to humanity by providing access to heat, light, and transport. All these are achievable with low cost of ener gy production that is safe for mankind and ecosystem friendly (BP plc, 2009). This is being mindful of the chief responsibility of commerce to civilizations. While the business concerns are those of the material needs of a society of people, the corporate company likewise embraces what is beyond substantial wants and desires. In fact, this is the most significant aspect of the company. It is within this realm that company

Land Law - Land lease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Land Law - Land lease - Essay Example In Bruton v London & Quadrant Housing Trust1, have upheld the existence of contractual, non-proprietary rights lease where the landlord has no proprietary estate from which to grant a proprietary lease. However, it must be created in the proper manner and it must satisfy the definition contained in LPA 1925 s. 205(1)(xxvii). The 1925 scheme was reformed in 1986 (Land Registration Act 1986) and again by the 2002 Act, which has been accused of introducing yet more confusion to the law of leases. There are 3 kinds of lease, legal lease, equitable lease and tenancies by estoppel. Legal lease created by deed, this includes periodic tenancies (LPA 1925 SS. 52, 54). Due to the doctrine of Walsh v Lonsdale2, a contract for a lease operates as an equitable lease without any further action being necessary. The LP (MP) A3 1989 s. 2 supersedes s. 40 of the LPA 1925. A tenancy by estopple operates where the landlord has no title to the land when a lease is granted. The LRA 2002 has made substantial changes to the formalities required for leases, most of which require registration or protection on the land register. Three types of lease are recognised by the 2002 Act: Most leases, which fall outside the scope of compulsory first registration, can be enforced either if protected by a notice on the register or if they fall within the overriding category. ... Leases requiring protection by a notice on the register. Short leases, which override the register. Most leases, which fall outside the scope of compulsory first registration, can be enforced either if protected by a notice on the register or if they fall within the overriding category. The ultimate aim is for as many interests as possible to be entered on the registered. But Leases of three years or shorter cannot be protected by notice and so are 'only' overriding. Short leases (not exceeding seven years) can override the register. Where the tenant is in actual occupation, this protects his Leases on first registration (Sched. 1 para. 2), or on a transfer either under the 'old' law (LRA 1925 s.70 (1)(g)) or the LRA 2002 (Sched. 3 para. 2). In Street v Mountford4, Lord Templeman suggested that there are three characteristics of a lease, these are exclusive possession, a determinate period, for a rent or other consideration. Exclusive possession means that the tenant has control over any one who enters the premises and can exclude everyone, including the landlord. There will be no exclusive possession if: the landlord is entitled to move the occupier at any time from one room to another according to Westminister city Council v Clarke5, there was held to be no exclusive possession. Someone merely has exclusive occupation, such as a hotel guest or a student in a university hall of residence or a resident in a nursing home (Abbeyfield) (Harpenden) Society Ltd v Woods6; In Marcou v De Silvesa7 the agreement required the landlord to provide services. There may be exclusive possession even if: In Aslan v Murphy 8 the landlord retains a set of keys. In Antoniades v

Child Development Observation Essay Example for Free

Child Development Observation Essay The setting of where I observed the baby was at my house in the family room. The family room can be pictured as a square. The door to enter the house is in one corner of the family room. To the left of the door there is a mirror on the wall and next to the mirror there is a single person couch. The color of the couch is brown. That sits in the corner adjacent to the corner where the door is. Then, there are the sliding doors to enter the patio and in the corner adjacent to the couch there is a big, black television. Next to the television, my baby’s pink Winnie the Pooh play yard. Next to that is her small pink and brown, vibrating bouncer. Then there’s the last corner of the room which opens to the bedrooms. This is the room where the observation took place. The baby I observed is my nephew, Gabriel. He is four months and three weeks old. He will turn five months on the 22nd of this month. He was wearing a blue jean overall with a brown onesie that has little puppies. He also had some soft tennis shoes on. They are white with a navy blue stripe on each side each shoe. He barely has any hair and he has no teeth. In twenty minutes, Gabriel was very active. I started observing as soon as he woke up from a nap. He began by stretching both of his legs straight out and his left arm stretched straight up towards his head and his right arm stretched up towards the sky. My boyfriend then picked him up and started talking to him. Gabriel started laughing and kicking his feet back and forth, starting with his right foot and continued by alternating each kick with the opposite foot. He stopped laughing and shoved both of his hands in his mouth. He made himself gag. He was then tickled again and started laughing. Again he began kicking his legs, left then right. He grabbed his face with his left hand. He started to get hungry. While his bottle was being prepared, he began sucking on his left hand and he began to make sucking noises. As my boyfriend got the bottle close to Gabriel’s face, his eyes popped open and he opened his mouth. While he ate, he moved his right hand over his face and made sucking and snorting noises. He was also just looking around while eating. He was about a quarter done with his bottle, when he stopped eating and started pushing. Both of his hands clasped together and he made a noise which let us know that he was pushing. All of a sudden, I heard him pass gas but it wasn’t just gas. The gas came with a little surprise. He kept his fists closed and kept pushing. He was pooping. Once he was done, he gave a big smile and started kicking his legs again. He also began sucking on his hands. My boyfriend laid him on the floor on top of his blue, fuzzy blanket. Gabriel began making cooing noises. As my boyfriend began taking off Gabriel’s clothes, he continued kicking and making cooing noises. As his diaper was coming undone, Gabriel started laughing. My boyfriend got a hold of his legs and took off his diaper. Gabriel just began sucking on his hands again. Gabriel’s mom saw him and took his hands out of his mouth. She gave him a pacifier. He began rubbing his eyes with both hands. He then began to cry. My boyfriend put his clothes back on and continued feeding him. Gabriel was lying with his feet dangling off of my boyfriend’s leg. His right arm was around my boyfriend’s back and his left arm was on his stomach. He was making a sucking sound and was opening and closing his eyes. Gabriel jumped when he heard a loud noise. He opened his eyes and his left arm went straight up into the air. He was calmed down and closed his eyes again. His left arm dangled to his side. He stayed like that until he finished eating. He was stood up straight and burped. He fell asleep and he was laid in my daughter’s play yard with his arms to the side and his legs spread apart.

Organizational Concepts -high :: essays research papers

GreenPages, Inc. hereinafter referred to as GP is a dynamic organization that most closely fits the sociotechnical model put forth by Trist (1963) and Rice (1963) of the Tavis Institute. GP was created by Kurt Blieken in 1992 to be as he put it the most elegant company in existence today. Starting with a blank piece of paper Kurt Blieken crafted a mission statement (attachment A) that served as the underpinnings and catalyst to create an organizational structure that balanced the complex technical systems with a social and economic system which serves as a model to the computer industry today. GP is currently under going tremendous growth of over 100% annually which creates a turbulent environment and tests the organization structure GP was founded on. It is the belief of Kurt Blieken as well as those of us whom work at GP that this unique corporate structure can not only be retained but thrive as the organization scales to new heights. In order to understand the goals and challenges facing GP it is useful to utilize Weisbord’s Six-Box Model to analyse the organizational structure. GP was formed with two purposes in mind. The first was to create the best place to work in the country. The cornerstone of this purpose is a value system which is the very heart of our corporate culture. This value system is as follows: ? The company’s most valuable asset is its corporate culture. The basis of the culture is cheering at another’s success, helping out when a teammate needs a hand and being generous with praise. GP culture is so important that people who cannot or will not embrace it fully will not be allowed to stay. ? GP was designed from the ground up to meet the needs of our customers. We continuosly change and improve ourselves and our systems to meet new needs. ? Every job in the company is critically important. We hire good people, then give the tools and the training to be outstanding. We are always striving for perfect execution of everything we do. ? It’s OK to make a mistake. Since we hire good people, a mistake is just that, a mistake. If many mistakes occur it is the system which needs to be corrected. Following this policy can be difficult but it leads to a wonderful lack of finger pointing and back covering. GP culture encourages new ideas and risk taking.

A war between the United States and Iran Essay

Preparations for a massive military strike on Iran are in full swing by the United States of America. But will these preparations convert to actual bombing on the ground? Are the two countries going to be embroiled in a war soon? These are the questions that are being asked everywhere, in hushed tones if it is the Pentagon corridors and terrified glances if it is the streets of Tehran. With Iran defying the UN’s call for restraint in its nuclear programme openly, it has only become successful in intensifying the speculations about the war. The issue here is â€Å"Is it inevitable? † Before we get in to the nitty-gritty of the Iranian crisis, let us look into the different causes of the wars that have been raged in the recent future. The twentieth century started with World War I in 1914 and since then, it is interesting to note that the wars have a particular pattern. The causes have always been dependent on three factors: Systemic factors, domestic politics and the role of the Decision maker. Hence, we would also try to view the US-Iran issue through this prism. However, comparing the pre-nuclear wars in a pre-nuclear age with wars in post-nuclear age would be a waste of space. Instead, it would do well if we look into the causes that can trigger a war in the present times where possessing nuclear power is not only a stark reality but also the bone of contention in this particular case. It is the claim by the Iranian government that they are ready to start developing nuclear weapons is what has triggered the whole issue. And ironically, it is the very reason that is playing a deterrent in the war. Remarkable is the fact that it is only America that is concerned with Iran trying to possess the deadly weapon. The first and foremost question that would help us in determining the fate of this discussion would be: Why is America so bothered? America, the self-declared big brother of all the nations on this planet, takes up the â€Å"burden† of maintaining peace on earth. To quote Eisenhower, â€Å"Freedom is indivisible.. †. America takes it as its personal duty to ensure that â€Å"Freedom† is maintained all over the world. If it was â€Å"Communism† that was a threat against â€Å"Freedom† during the cold war, today it is the irresponsible rulers of nations that possess or aspire to possess nuclear weapons that are threatening the â€Å"Freedom† in the world. And when Truman declared that â€Å"We cannot hope to maintain our freedom, if freedom elsewhere is wiped out†, he meant it. However, the reasons why Israeli attack on Palestine killing hundreds of civilians is not wiping out â€Å"Freedom† but North Korea developing nuclear capability is has interesting reasons. History has been witness to this characteristic of America where it deems it is her right to attack any country it wills to protect the attacked country’s â€Å"freedom†. According to Jutta Welders (Pg 37, culture of insecurity), the compelling reason for America to act in this fashion is to maintain its supremacy in the world. An act of aggression under the cloak of â€Å"Freedom fighters† becomes a necessity to project itself as a strong nation which can not only defend itself but protect other countries as well. A bright example would be the Cuban missile crisis. When this â€Å"crisis† occurred, many were of the view that it was quite unnecessary for America to take up such a strong and aggressive tone. However, it did do that and according to Jutta Weldes, it is the compelling reason to showcase its power that led it to act strong. In fact, Jutta Weldes considers the Cuban missile crisis as not a crisis at all. To quote her, â€Å".. crises are social constructions that are forged by state officials in the course of producing and reproducing state identity†. She is of the view that it depends on the social construction that makes us define a situation as â€Å"Crisis†. It depends on how we view a nation that determines whether it is a crisis or not. For example, Iran possessing nukes is such a big issue and is immediately converted into a â€Å"Crisis† whereas an equally notorious state like Pakistan possessing the deadly weapons is not. It has been time and again proved that large number of terrorist activities has their funds traced back to Pakistan. However, Pakistan escaped the whip but Iraq was destroyed in the name of WMDs! The only explanation for this is the prism that US uses to define its foreign policies. Attack the nations that would give it a chance to maintain her supremacy in the world. Attacking Pakistan would back fire as it has the capability to strike back. And attacking Iraq or Iran will definitely be easier as these countries have a notorious reputation which required some policing and also are comparative weaklings. Hence, the systemic reasons for US to wage a war against Iran are quite obvious: a chance to police a nation that has a history of supporting the biggest threat world faces today, that is, terrorism and simultaneously reaffirm its image as the superpower which it seems to be losing to China. If attacking Iran salvages some pride for US, the role of domestic politics in the whole affair plays another important role. US, the strongest nation in the world today, are also the most vulnerable to attacks by various terrorist outfits. After 9/11, it has taken its goal of fighting terrorism quite seriously. However, the path it has chosen to fight it is not very often appreciated. The aftermath of 9/11 saw it attacking Afghanistan and driving out the Taliban ruthlessly. Afghanistan was the target because it sheltered the most dangerous terrorist outfit in the world, Al-Qaeda. Their slogan was a regime change is essential for to â€Å"smoke out† the terrorist and the whole war was essentially to capture one man – Osama Bin Laden. The attack resulted in the killings of thousands of innocent Afghanistan who were already tired by the war torn politics of Taliban. America could never capture the villain. However, it overthrew Taliban and today, a â€Å"democratically† elected government exists in place of it. Is Afghanistan a changed country today? Has America finally left its shores after the war? Both the answers are No! Terrorism has been controlled and yes, America is still â€Å"guarding† Afghanistan with its air raids on civilians. The failure of capturing Osama in Laden was quite frustrating for the Bush administration and it was in search for a new scapegoat. And they found the perfect one in the form of Saddam Hussain. Suddenly, Iraq, the starving nation which was already bogged down by various sanctions and its citizens further troubled by the tyrannic rule of Saddam Hussain finds itself in the line of fire. The reasons given are quite fishy. America is suddenly in possession of confidential information that Iraq possesses weapons of mass destruction and Saddam Hussain should be relieved of his responsibility of taking care of them! The reasons were uttered in the same chilling tone of how Iraq, which can’t survive without taking aid from UN, poses the danger of destroying the whole world. The solution that is needed is again a â€Å"Regime Change†. America reasoned introduction of democracy in the country will solve the problem. Thus, despite the worldwide protests that marked the growing contempt against America and the UN Security Council voting against a military attack, America single-handedly went about with its â€Å"war on terrorism†. After 3 years of war, a executed Saddam Hussain, uncountable civilian deaths and threats of civil war ( not to forget the daily suicide attacks by shiities), no one found alleged WMDs. Today, it has been almost accepted that the report on WMD was wrong! The flak US received for the irresponsible behavior is enormous and its image in the middle east has gone for a beating as today, many believe that US is waging war on Islam rather than Terrorists. Its belief that a regime change is the only solution that can solve the problems of the world is quite naive. It proposes the same thing when it comes to Iran. Seymour M. Hersh, in journal â€Å"Fact: Annals of national security† had mentioned his conversation with Patrick Clawson, an Iran expert who is the deputy director for research at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy and who has been supporter of President Bush, who clearly spoke of regime change the ultimate solution. He said, â€Å"So long as Iran has an Islamic Republic, it will have a nuclear-weapons program, at least clandestinely. The key issue is therefore, how long will the present regime last? † This archaic view that regime change or toppling of government in another country and forcing them to â€Å"democracy† has never worked in bringing the much desired goal of the war – peace. In fact, statistics have shown that the transition period from any kind of rule to democracy has always been bloody and nations become quite war-prone (Democratization and war). The most recent examples are, of course, Afghanistan and Iraq, which are facing gruesome infighting among themselves. So why is America so bent upon making a regime change in those countries? Apart from the apparent reasons of dismantling the network of terrorism, experts are of the view that it is also the question of who controls the oil in the future that has been a major driving force behind the American policy. Middle East is the home for oil throughout the world and it is the control of oil that is US after. With its fast disappearance and soaring prices (reasons partly because the war that US is waging), the control of the oil fields will definitely be beneficial for America. In fact, the one who controls oil in the future is the undisputed king. This goes in line with the policy of US for whom displaying its authority is very important as it seems to be losing the crown to the exponential growth of China. Therefore, attacking Iran is also a desperate attempt by US to reiterate that it is America that is still calling the shots. However, attacking Iran has its own dangers. The most important and the immediate is the image of US in the Islamic world. Its continuous attacks on Islamic nations has made it poised against Islam and has become quite unpopular in the Middle East. If not anything else, America through these attacks is only getting successful in inviting the wrath of the people living there. In a conversation with Seymour M Hersh, Richard Armitrage was echoing the same sentiments – â€Å"What will happen in the other Islamic countries? What ability does Iran have to reach us and touch us globally – that is, terrorism? Will Syria and Lebanon up the pressure on Israel? What does the attack do to our already diminished international standing? And what does this mean for Russia, China and the U. N Security Council? † Yet how many in Washington will consider these questions? According to Seymour, there are people out there who believe it is the way to operate! If domestic politics are reasons enough to wage war, the role of the decision maker is of paramount importance. It is the head who declares wars and in this case Bush has quite a penchant for declaring wars. It is widely believed that Bush will declare war against Iran before leaving the White house. In fact, President Bush believes that â€Å"He must do what no democrat or Republican, if elected in the future, would have the courage to do, and that saving Iran is going to be his legacy†. The personal ambition of Bush also seems to make the fear of turning Teheran in to a sea of fire in to reality. Moreover, with the failure of Iraq where they achieved instant victory but not a decisive one, Bush administration is looking out for scapegoats in a large way. Iran with its close proximity with Iraq is believed to be a supplier of arms and ammunitions to the Shiite attackers in the troubled Iraq. Those attacks are not only killing innocent Iraqis but also resulting in the death of hundreds of American troops out there. In short, it is a personal failure for Bush as a president as he forced his military in to war for no reasons. It becomes very important for him to fathom some pride and Iran seems to be a ripe case. One House member told Seymour when speaking of Bush â€Å"The most worrisome thing is that this guy has a messianic vision†. Therefore, you have President Bush waiting to bomb Iran at the slightest pretext. But how can attacking Iran solve the Iraq problem? The strategy that is being followed by the Americans is to start infighting in Iran and force it to take some irresponsible action like an up in the activities along the Iraqi border. The first response to any of American disturbance in Iran is believed to be given across the Iraq border which presently houses many American troops. The white house hopes to take advantage of that situation and make it an excuse to attack Iran. This reason is widely believed to work as the blame of first strike can always be switched to Iran and America will only be fighting for â€Å"Safeguarding† its citizens. Combining the above reasons, America declaring war on Iran seems to be a matter of time. The systemic, domestic politics and decision maker reasons a need for another war. The attack on Iran will accomplish three important factors for America. 1. America is believed to be the favorite target for the terrorists and its war on terrorism is necessary to protect itself as a nation. Moreover, this would give the image of the departing super power the much needed boost. An attack on Iran will give the masculine quality to the nation that it believes will spread â€Å"awe† across the world. 2. The second and more compelling reason for the attack is the role that domestic politics plays in this issue. Attack on Iran will bring about a regime change which will help America post â€Å"Freedom† there. This in other words means another puppet government that would act on the whims of US. This is quite beneficial as this gives it direct control over the oil fields of Iran along with Iraq’s, thanks to the WMD ghosts. So, that means with a single strike, not only do they believe that terrorism and nukes will be taken care of but also the oil fields. 3. The third reason is President Bush. His stint as President of America has mainly been marred by Wars. If in the past it was Afghanistan, now it is Iraq. Apparently, both have them have been failures as there have been no decisive victories. The victories have only been fast as is expected from a war between the super power and a starving nation. Iran war will give him the much needed boost to his image as this war can be a golden opportunity to pass the blame on Iran for the Iraq fiasco. Taking all these reasons into considerations, attack by America on Iran for possessing Nukes is quite imminent. Experts say Iran is still five to ten years away from developing any kind of weapon. However, America is bent upon going ahead with its plans. Therefore, nukes or no nukes, Iran is the golden opportunity to accomplish a lot many tasks. Nuclear disarmament is just one of the small ones.

Analysis Of The Book Men We Reaped - 939 Words

In the United States, Americans are painfully aware that poverty is a massive upsurge. Americans are getting poor and poor by the minute and that’s a problem. In the book â€Å"Men We Reaped† Jesmyn Ward explains that society sees our life being worth nothing. If I had the choice to change poverty I would raise the minimum wage so more people would want to work and the money can at least accommodate for a 3 house family with one person working. In the book â€Å"Men We Reaped† Jesmyn explained about her hometown of DeLisle, on Mississippi s Gulf Coast. She explained that it was a place ravaged by poverty, drugs and routine violence. Ward was always still brought back to her hometown even though she had the opportunity to leave. With the poverty that happens in the book and my neighborhood are very similar. I am from Queens, New York City where the dope dealers don’t care if they get caught or not. In the book she explained that â€Å"I see history, I see racism, I see economic disempowerment, I see all of these things, you know, that come together, or that came together, sort of in this perfect storm here in southern Mississippi, and I feel like that is what is bearing down on our lives. This quote explained that nobody is getting the help that they need, and that there needs to be a solution to this problem. Not only was it just a problem in the book but it’s also a problem here in New York and all ov er. The negatives about poverty are Malnutrition, and Education. Malnutrition is one ofShow MoreRelatedThe Work The Lust By Susan Minot866 Words   |  4 Pagestextual sketches Susan Minot provides a reader with the analysis of the woman role in the relationship as a concept along with her representation in the societal perceiving. 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Assignment 2 Module leader: Dr. Marcjanna Augustyn Student ID: 200911496 Module code: 44201 Table of Contents Summary3 Introduction3 Methodology4 Political Factors4 Economic Factors7 Social Factors 8 Technological Factors†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.11 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 Summary Report includes political, economic, social and technologicalRead MoreStalin vs. Trotsky Essay3293 Words   |  14 Pages 1922) both men had a secure place in his favor and therefore in the party as a whole. 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